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Is There a Higher Failure Rate of Allograft when Compared to Autograft in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review of Overlapping Meta-Analyses


Rachel M. Frank, MD
UNITED STATES

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Is There a Higher Failure Rate of Allograft when Compared to Autograft in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review of Overlapping Meta-Analyses

Randy Mascarenhas, MD, FRCSC, CANADA Brandon Erickson, MD, UNITED STATES Eli Sayegh, BA, UNITED STATES Rachel M. Frank, MD, UNITED STATES Nikhil N. Verma, MD, UNITED STATES Brian J. Cole, MD, MBA, UNITED STATES Charles A. Bush-Joseph, MD, UNITED STATES Bernard R. Bach, Jr., MD, UNITED STATES

Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA

2015 Congress   Paper Abstract   2015 Congress   Not yet rated

 

Patient Populations

Sport Specific Population

Anatomic Location

Knee

Anatomic Structure

Bones Ligaments

Diagnosis / Condition

Instability

Diagnosis Method

X-ray MRI

Sports Medicine

Team Physician Rehabilition / Physical Therapy Sport Specific Injuries

Treatment / Technique

Allograft Autograft Repair / Reconstruction Single Bundle

Ligaments

ACL

Summary: According to this systematic review of overlapping meta-analyses comparing autograft and allograft for ACLR, the current best available evidence suggests no differences in rupture rates and clinical outcomes

Purpose

Multiple meta-analyses of randomized-controlled trials, the highest available level of evidence, have been conducted to determine whether autograft or allograft tissue provides superior clinical outcomes and structural healing in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR); however, results are discordant. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of meta-analyses comparing ACLR with autograft and allograft in order to elucidate the cause of discordance and to determine which meta-analyses provide the current best available evidence.

Methods

In this study we evaluated available scientific support for autograft versus allograft use in ACLR by systematically reviewing the literature for published meta-analyses. Data was extracted from these meta-analyses regarding patient outcomes and structural healing. Meta-analysis quality was assessed using the Oxman-Guyatt and Quality of Reporting of Meta-analyses (QUOROM) systems. The Jadad algorithm was then applied to determine which meta-analyses provided the highest level of evidence.

Results

Eight meta-analyses containing a total of 15,819 patients met the eligibility criteria, of which two included level II evidence and six included level III and/or IV evidence. Four meta-analyses found no differences between autograft and allograft for patient outcomes, while four found autograft superior in one or more respects. Four meta-analyses reported higher graft rupture rates in the allograft group, and two found superior hop test performance in autograft-treated patients. Six meta-analyses had low Oxman-Guyatt scores (<4) indicative of major flaws.

Conclusions

According to this systematic review of overlapping meta-analyses comparing autograft and allograft for ACLR, the current best available evidence suggests no differences in rupture rates and clinical outcomes. Lower-quality meta-analyses indicate that autograft may provide a lower rerupture rate, better hop test performance, and better objective knee stability than allograft.