2019 ISAKOS Biennial Congress Paper #3
Higher Risk of Rupture for the Controlateral Anterior Cruciate Ligament in Comparison with the Affected Knee in a Series of 244 Patients with a Long-Term Follow-Up Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Alberto Grassi, PhD, Bologna ITALY
Luca Macchiarola, MD, Foggia ITALY
Tommaso Roberti di Sarsina, MD, Bologna ITALY
Federico Raggi, MD, Bologna ITALY
Ilaria Cucurnia, MD, Bologna ITALY
Gian Andrea Lucidi, MD, Bologna ITALY
Stefano Zaffagnini, MD, Prof., Bologna ITALY
Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli - University of Bologna , Bologna, ITALY
FDA Status Cleared
Summary
This retrospective study showed that in a cohort of homogeneous patients by ACL reconstruction technique there is a higher risk of contralateral ACL injury than graft failure, especially in young and active patients.
Abstract
Introduction
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a well established procedure with high success rates. The literature shows that in the short-medium term there is an high risk of rupture of the contralateral ACL, especially in young athletes. The aim of this study was to investigate the failure rate of ACL reconstruction and the injury to
contralateral ACL, identfying demographic predictors in a single-center population of patients treated with the same
surgical technique.
Methods
All patients operated from 2007 to 2008 of ACL reconstruction with hamstring tendons and single-bundle technique and with contralateral knee without previous surgical interventions were surveyed collecting informations regarding postoperative complications or reoperations of the ipsilateral knee and the ACL reconstruction in the contralateral knee. Age, sex, level of pre.operative sport activity and smoke were evaluated as possible predictors of ipsi or contralateral ACL reconstruction.
Results
Overall, 244 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 30 years, with 12% of patients <18 years old; moreover, 76% were male, 70% had a pre-injury Tegner activity >5 and 31% were smoker at time of injury. The overall rate of patients that underwent revision ACL reconstruction during the considered follow-up was 3.3%, with no
significant effects of partients characteristics. Contralateral ACL reconstruction was perfromed in 7.8% of patients. Survivorship curves were similar until the 2-years, but after 2 years the survival of contralateral ACL was significantly
lower (p=0.0297). Patients win an age <18 years (OR=2.7, p=0.0110) and pre-op Tegner Level >5 (OR=10.5, p=0.0201)
had an higher risk of experiencing a second ACL reconstruction. Specifically 24.1% of patients <18 years underwent
ipsilateral revision or contralateral reconstruction during the considered follow-up (p=0.0059).
Discussion And Conclusion
This retrospective study showed that in a cohort of homogeneous patients by ACL reconstruction technique there is a higher risk of contralateral ACL injury than graft failure, especially in young and active patients. Moreover, 1 out of 4 patients with age at surgery <18 is likely to experience ipsilateral ACL revision or
contralateral ACL reconstruction during a 10-year follow-up period. Threfore further studies are needed to identify modificable risk factors and optimize rehabilitation and prevention of further ACL injuries